Calculating machine



July 13, 1948. H. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet l FiledFeb. 13, 1943 /M/EN70/F y L. Lambert 29% 4/1/154 ATTO/V/VEYJ July 13,1948. H. L. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 13,1943 'WI/E/Wv/Q Haw/ 7 L. Lambert B A rramvf s July 13, 1948. H, LAMBERT2,445,225

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15, 1943 8 Shets-Sheet 3 mwm Q EZM ly1948- H. L. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 15,1943 mu/ N701? Harry L. L (Wife/'1' MZL ATTO/P/VEYS July 13, 1948. H,LAMBERT 2,445,225

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1:5, 1943 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 40 /NVEN70RHarry L. Ldmberf H. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE July 13, 1948.-

8 sheets-sheet 6 Filed Feb. 13, 1943 July 13, 1948. H. 1 LAMBERT2,445,225

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 13, 1943 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 9 Wm! M July13, 1948. H. L. LAMBERT CALCULATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Feb.13, 1943 INVENTONR F H y L,Ld777b6/Z 5 ATTORNEYS Patented July 13, 194-8CALCULATING MACHINE Harry L. Lambert, Enfield, N. Y., assignor, by mesneassignments, to The National Cash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio, acorporation of Maryland Application February 13, 1943, Serial No.475,729

2'7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to calculating machines of the type in whichitems of a calculation are set up in succession by selective operationof keys of a keyboard, and the items entered in a totalizer oraccumulator in the performance of a calculation.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machinewith which diiferent types of calculations may be made in anexceptionally simple manner, by simple adjustments and with simplemechanism, which will be compact, sturdy, capable of rapid operation,and inexpensive.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved calculatingmachine which will perform selectively either addition or subtraction,which will require a minimum of parts, with which adjustment to performeither subtraction or addition selectively may be made quickly by asimple operation, which may be made of any desired capacity, which willutilize a minimum number of parts, with which repeat entries of anynumber set up in the keyboard, whether of subtraction or addition, maybe made any number of times, by operation of a repeat control, withwhich the totalizer may be cleared in a simple and rapid manner, whichat the end of a subtraction operation, when'the machine is not set forrepeat, will automatically reset the machine for addition, with whichsuch resetting means will be incapacitated by operation of the repeatcontrol, and which will be exceptionally simple, compact, inexpensiveand dependable.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved, simplified,compact, and readily portable calculating machine which will selectivelyperform either addition or subtraction, and which will have maximumpossible control against the performance of incorrect operations thatmight cause an error in the calculations.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the followingdescription of one embodiment of the invention, and the novel featureswill be particularly pointed out hereinafter in connection with theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. l is a top plan view on a reduced scale, partly broken away, of amachine embodying the invention and showing the parts in normalposition;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary similar view in which the keyboard has beenshifted to subtraction position;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan of the same, showing the means for,slidably supporting the rear 2 of the keyboard, the parts being innormal position;

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the means for supporting the front partof the keyboard;

Figs. 5 and 6 are views similar to Figs. 3 and 4, and showing thekeyboard shifted to and latched in subtraction position;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the machine, with the parts in normalposition and a portion of the cover shown in section;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary similar view, showing the position that theparts assume in a partial forward stroke;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional plan view of the machine, the sectionbeing taken approximately along the line 9-9 of Fig. 7;

Figs. 9a, 9b and 9c are fragmentary sectional elevations of parts of thetotalizer with the parts in difierent possible operative positions;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the machine, thesection being taken approximately on the line lU--lll, Fig. 18;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional elevation showing the pair of stopbars of the units denominational column in normal position;

Fig. 12 is a similar view showing a pair of stop bars for the 10s orhigher denominational columns;

Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the keyboard and associated parts of themachine in position for addition and having one of the keys of thekeyboard depressed;

Fig. 14 is a similar view, partly in section, but illustrating thekeyboard shifted to subtraction position;

Figs. 15 and 16 are fragmentary, transverse,

sectional elevations of portions of the keyboard, with the sectionstaken approximately along line iii-45 of Fi 12, and showing the sameparts with the keyboard in addition and subtraction positionsrespectively;

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal, sectional elevation through the machine, thesection being taken approximately in the plane represented by the lineHl1 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary transverse section of the machine, the sectionbeing taken approximately on the line I8-|8 of Fig. 10;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary side elevation of certain parts of the machineshown in Fig. '7, illustrating the position that these parts occupy atthe end of a forward stroke;

Fig. 20 is a fragmentary side elevation, partly in section, showing theposition of certain parts when set for clearing the machine;

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary, transverse section of part of the machine, thesection being taken approximately on the line 2l2! of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a View similar to Fig. 20 and illustrating the position thatthe parts assLune just after the beginning of a return stroke;

Fig. 23 is another similar view illustrating in full lines the means forreleasing the accumulator at a subsequent instant in the clearancestroke and illustrating in broken lines the parts of the clearancemechanism returning to normal position;

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary, longitudinal, sectional elevation of parts ofthe machine, illustrating the position of the ls denominational stopbars just before the completion of a blank forward stroke, the partsbeing set for subtraction;

Fig. 25 is a similar View showing these parts at the completion of ablank forward stroke, the parts being set for subtraction;

Fig. 26 is a fragmentary sectional plan view of a part of the machine,the section being taken approximately on the line 2526 of Fig. 25;

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional elevation of part of themachine, showing the front portions of a pair of 10s or higherdenominational stop bars when the machine is set for subtraction and akey is depressed; and

Fig. 28 is a similar view, but illustrating a partial forward movementof the stop bars shown in Fig. 27.

The particular illustrated embodiment of the invention is an additionand subtraction machine of the general type disclosed in United Statespatents to Peters No. 1,386,021, of August 2, i921, and White No.1,854,875, of April 19, 1932, and my copending application Serial No.416,833, filed October 28, 1941, now patent No. 2,428,084, and thisinvention is in the nature of an improvement upon the type ofcalculating machines disclosed in said application and said White andPeters patents.

In this illustrated embodiment of the invention, the operating parts aremounted in a frame I, Figs. 7 and 9, which is similar in character tothe usual frame of calculating machines with a base and upstanding sidemembers 2 and 3 of rigid material, such as heavy metal plates. Ex-

tending between and through the side members 2 and 3 is a main shaft 4which is suitably mounted for rocking oscillation in the side members 2and 3, and one end of the shaft is formed to receive removably thereonan operating handle 5, as usual in hand-operated calculating machines.It will be understood, however, that an operating handle has beendisclosed as the motive means for the main shaft 4 because of itssimplicity, but motor operated means for the main shaft 4 may beprovided as disclosed in my said copending application Serial No.416,833. Inasmuch as the manner in which the shaft 4 is operated in anoscillating or rocking manner, is not material to the invention soughtto be covered in this application, the motor operated means foroperating the driving shaft 4 in a given cycle of movement has beenomitted, and the simple handle 5 is illustrated merely by way ofexample.

The main shaft 4 is provided with an arm 6 (Fig. 17) fixed thereon, anda free end of this arm is connected to one end of a coil spring 7, theother end of which is anchored in any suitable manner with the springunder tension, such as by a stud 8 on the base of the frame I. Thisspring 1 yieldingly urges the shaft 4 back into an initial positionwhich is determined by the engagement of a heel 9, Fig. 7, with a bufferelement [0 which is supported at one end on the shank of a headed studH, and at its other end is forked to straddle a horizontally extendinglug or shelf l2 provided on the side member 3 of the frame. One arm l3of the forked end of the member It! extends above the lug I2, and ahelical compression spring I 4 is disposed between this arm l3 and theupper face of the lug l2. The arm I3 is also provided with a small lugl5, extending toward the other arm of the fork, which engages in a notchor slot is in the end of the lug l2, so that as the arm I3 movesvertically, the lug l5, by vertical sliding engagement in the slot I 6,will prevent sidewise movement of the adjacent end of arm l3. The heel 9is provided on a full stroke sector plate ll which is fixed on the shaft4 for oscillation therewith, and the heel 9 engages the member [0 inclose proximity to the stud l I, so as to provide a substantiallynonyielding limit stop for the full stroke sector and the shaft 4.

The sector I! (Figs. '7, 20 and 22) is provided with the usual ratchetnotches I 8 in a zone of its periphery for engagement by a full strokepawl l9 pivoted on a stud 20 on the side member 3 of the frame. A spring2| connected to the pawl 19 urges it into a dead center position, andthe notched edge of the sector IT is provided adjacent its ends withdeeper notches 22, which moves opposite the pawl I9 at the limits of themovement of the shaft 4 and the sector plate ll, so that the pawl I!)may straighten out in dead center manner when either of the notches 22is opposite its free end. When the sector starts movement in eitherdirection, the pawl passes from dead center position in the oppositedirection so as to work in the reverse manner. The cooperation betweenthe pawl and the sector plate is such as to require a complete movementof the shaft 4 and sector plate I! in both directions, when once amovement of the shaft 4 is initiated. This full stroke pawl is a Wellknown feature of calculating machines, and per se is no part of thepresent invention.

A suitable totalizer 23, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 17, is mounted on the freeend of a frame 24 (Fig. 1'7) which is pivoted at its other end upon arod 25 so that the totalizer may rock or oscillate vertically to alimited extent about the longitudinal axis of the rod 25. This totalizermay be of any suitable construction with carry over or transfermechanism, such as shown for example in the Peters and White patents andsaid copending application above mentioned, and shown also in Figs. 9a,9b and 9c of this application. Such totalizers include a plurality ofindividual digit wheels 26, each of which carries on its periphery, inequally spaced relation thereon, the numerals zero to nine in numericalsequence. Each digit wheel has also attached thereto a pinion 21 bywhich that wheel may be driven in either direction.

Also extending between and rotatably mounted in the side members 2 and 3of the frame is another or auxiliary shaft 28, Figs. 9 and 17, which, inthis example, is disposed slightly to the rear of the main shaft 4.Fixed on the shaft 28 is an arm 29 which extends above and below thatshaft. This arm 29 is disposed adjacent the side member 3 of the frame,and another arm 30, Fig. 9, is fixed on the shaft 28 near the sidemember 2 and extends upwardly therefrom. The

upper ends of the arms 29 and 30 are connected by a bar 3|, Figs. 1'7,24, 25, and 26, which has notches 3|a (Fig. 26) in its rear edge toreceive a plurality of rack arms 32. which are pivotally mounted on theauxiliary shaft 28 and are spaced apart and from arms 29 and 30 bysuitable bushings 33 (Fig. 9). Mounted on the upper end of each rack arm32 is a rack member 34 which slides in a direction from front to rear onthe arm 32 to a limited extent, and is yieldingly urged toward the right(Fig. 9a) by a spring 35, to form a part of the carry over or transfermechanism, as disclosed in said prior Peters patent. Each rack member 34is disposed to mesh with the pinion 21 of a related digit wheel when thetotalizer frame 24 is rocked downwardly into one position, and to bedisengaged from the related pinion 21 when the totalizer frame 24 isrocked upwardly into its other possible position.

A plurality of digit stop bars 36 are disposed side by side but spacedapart, see Fig. 9, so as to extend in a direction from front to rear ofthe machine, the rear ends being individually pivoted by pins 31 torelated rack arms 32. The forward ends of these stop bars 36 arereceived in notches or slots opening downwardly from the upper edge of across bar 38, Fig. 9, which extends between and connects the sidemembers 2 and 3. An individual spring 39 is connected to each of thestop bars 36 and to the cross bar 38, so as to individually andyieldingly urge the stop bars 36 forwardly, unless otherwise restrained,until the connected rack arms 32 engage against the cross bar 3| whichconnects th arms 29 and 36 on the shaft 28. These stop bars 36 may, forconvenience, be designated and distinguished beginning at the right andmoving to the left in Fig. 9, as units, tens, hundreds, etc.,denominational stop bars. Each of the stop bars above the unitsdenominational bar is provided with a depending lug 40, Figs. 12, 24 and25, which by engagement with the cross bar 38 limits the extent to whichthe individual stop bars may be moved by their springs 39 in a forwarddirection. An individual stop arm 4| is provided for each of the stopbars 36, and is disposed side by side with its related stop bar andapproximately at its mid-length is pivoted by a pin 42 to the relatedstop bar. These stop arms 4| generally extend parallel to the stop bars36 to which they are connected and also extend through slots or notchesin the upper edge of the cross bar 38, shown clearly in Fig. 9.

The lower edge of each stop arm 4|, where it passes through a notch inthe cross bar 38, is provided with a cam surface 43 which, by engagementwith the bottom of the notch in which it slides, serves to cam that endof the stop arm 4| upwardly and lower the rear end thereof. Anindividual spring 44 is connected to the forward end of each stop arm4|, and to a cross bar 44a, Fig. 9, of the frame, at the bottom thereof,so as to yieldingly and individually urge the forward ends of the stoparms 4| downwardly and maintain them in the slots in the cross bar 38.The upper edge of each stop bar 36 is provided with a plurality of lugs45 forming abutments 46, Figs. 24 and 25, which are spaced apartlengthwise of the bar so that by engagement with the lower ends ofdepressed keys on the keyboard, the forward movements of the bars may belimited as desired. Each stop arm 4| is also provided with upstandinglugs 41 spaced apart and providing abutments 48 which function similarlyto the abutmenfi on the stop bars 36. These stop bars with their stoparms thereon can move forwardly only when the rack arms 32 are releasedby the cross bar 3| carried by th upstanding arms 29 and 30.

In addition operations, the stop bars for a row in which no keys aredepressed will be held against travel by zero stops at the forward endof the keyboard, as explained in said prior patents, and in suchoperations, the stop lugs 46 on the stop bars 36 have no function. When,however, a subtraction operation is performed, for all those rows ofkeys in which no key is depressed, the stop bars 36 for those rows ofunoperated keys will be allowed to move for the full extentcorresponding to nine spaces, except for the units denominational stopbar 36, and that is allowed to move ten spaces if no key in the unitsdenominational row is operated. For that reason, the stop lug on theunits denominational stop bar 36 is omitted, but a similar lug 46a (Fig.11) is placed on the stop arm 4| carried by that units denominationalbar 36 and disposed rearwardly therein a distance of one unit ofoperation of the digit wheel, so that when the handle starts its returnoperation in the second half of the cycle, the units denominational rackarm 32 will be picked up first and will move the associated digit wheelone space before any of the other rack arms will be picked up in therows in which no keys were depressed, so that the operation of the unitsdenominational digit wheel through the ten spaces will cause acarry-over into the other wheels, which are moved only through ninespaces. This type of operation is described on page 4, lines 72-102, ofsaid White patent. The stop abutments 48 on the units denominationalstop arm 4| are the tens complements of the corresponding stop abutmentson the units denominational stop bar 36, but the abutments 48 on thestop arms for all higher denominational orders are spaced thereon torepresent the nines complements of the corresponding stop abutments 46on the related stop bars 36. Each stop bar 36 and its attached stop arm4| may for convenience be considered and referred to as a stop bar unitor stop unit.

Removably mounted on the frame is a standard keyboard 49, Figs. 12 and17. This keyboard has notched cars 50 at its rear edge which straddleand are supported by the cross rod 25, and depending lugs 50a at thesides of the forward portion which have slots in their lower edges whichstraddle and slide upon fixed studs 50b. In order to maintain thekeyboard on the studs 5%, th forward end of the keyboard 46 is providedwith a finger 52 which is secured to the keyboard frame so as to dependdownwardly from the forward edge thereof. This finger 52 has arearwardly opening slot which straddles a forwardly-extending flange 5|of the cross bar 38 so as to confine the keyboard against verticalmovement, yet by reason of the particular form of engagement between thefinger 52 and flange 5 I, the keyboard is free to slide a limited extenthorizontally on the flange 5|, the studs 50b, and rod 25. The finger 52may be sprung forwardly suificiently to disengage it from the flange 5|when one desires to remove the keyboard 49 from the machine. The ears 50which straddle the rod 25 are disposed slightly nearer together than thedistance between the side members 2 and 3., as shown in Figs. 3 to 6,sothat the keyboard may be shifted bodily in a horizontal or lateraldirection from a position, such as that shown in Figs. 1 and 3, in whichthe left ha d s 50 abuts against the side member 2, to the right untilthe other ear or lug i] abuts against the side member 3, as shown inFigs. 2 and 5.

A latch 54 (Figs. 4 and 6) is pivoted on the pin on the flange 5| ofcross bar 38, which latch, adjacent its free end, is provided with anotch 56. When the keyboard is moved bodily to the right from theposition shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 to the position shown in Figs. 2, 5and 6, the depending lug 56a on the keyboard will be brought intoalinement with the notch 56, so that a spring 54a acting between thelatch 54 and the cross bar 33 can urge the latch 54 in a direction tocause the notch 56 to straddle the lug 50a, as in Fig. 6. When the notch56 is engaged over the lug 5611 as shown in Fig. 6, it will preventmovement of the keyboard bodily to the left from the right hand positionshown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6. The free end of the latch 54 has a lateralflange 58 by which this latch may be cammed into releasing position in amanner which will be explained herein later.

The base of the frame is provided with an upstanding lug 59, Figs. 13and 14, upon which is pivoted, by pin 66, a bell crank lever 6|, one armof which is generally upstanding and is connected by a spring 62 to theside member 2. This upstanding arm of the bell crank El has a cam nose63 which engages against the depending finger 52 on the keyboard so thatby the tension of the spring 62, this bell crank 6| will yieldingly urgethe keyboard back into the position shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4. Thekeyboard, therefore, when free, will be automatically returned to itslefthand position shown in Figs. 3 and 4, yet it may be moved bodily tothe right into the position shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, in which it willbe latched by the latch 54.

The keyboard is provided with a plurality of rows of individuallyoperable keys 64, Figs. 1, 2, 13 and 14, the keys in each row beingdesignated from 1 to 9 in the direction from front to rear, as shown inFigs. 1 and 2, and the rows being disposed side by side. Each of thesekeys 64 is slidably mounted for vertical movement in the upper and.lower plates 65 and 66. of the keyboard, and are yieldingly urged intotheir upper .positions by springs 61, as disclosed more fully in thekeyboards of said prior patents and application. Assuming that thekeyboard is in its left-hand position shown in Fig. 13, the lower end ofeach key, when unoperated. is in close proximity to the lower face ofthe plate 66 of the keyboard, but when any key is moved downwardly, itslower end depends below the plate 66 into the path of one of theabutments 45 of the related stop bar 36, so as to limit, by itsengagement with one of the shoulders 46, the extent of movement of therelated stop bar 36. The keys of each row are releasably held indepressed or operated position by suitable latches or stops 68, one ofwhich extends along each row of keys, so that after one key of that rowis operated or depressed, the operation of another key of that row willcam the stop 38 aside momentarily and release the previously depressedkey, all as disclosed in said prior patents.

At the front of the keyboard are a plurality of zero stops 69, eachindividually hinged to normally depend in front of the forward end ofthe stop bar 36 to which it is related, as shown in Fig. 13. When anykey in a row related to any stop bar 36 is depressed, it cams aside thisrelated zero stop 69 so as to release that related stop bar 36, asexplained in said prior patents, and the zero stop will remain in aposition in which it releases its related stop bar 36, so long as anykey in the related row of keys remains depressed. When the keyboard isshifted to the right, as previously explained, this carries all of thezero stops 69 out of the path of the related stop bars 36 and also outof the path of the stop arms 4|, even when a zero stop 69 is cammedaside 'by a depressed key, as shown in the tens row in Fig. 14.

Disposed across the forward edge of the keyboard is a key release combor bail 10, which has lateral arms ll pivotally connected by screws 12to the side frame members of the keyboard. This bail 16 has comb-liketeeth 13 (Fig. 14) which extend rearwardly into positions to engage andcam aside all of the stops 66 and the zero stops 69, and thus releaseall the keys, as usual in keyboards of this type and disclosed in saidprior patents. The laterally-extending arm H at the right hand end ofthis key release bail or comb ill has an extension M, Fig. '7, whichcarries a laterally extending pin 75 and another laterally extending pin16, so that by pressure exerted downwardly against the pin 15 orforwardly against the pin 76, the key release bail 16 will be rockedclockwise, as viewed in '7, to release all of the keys of the keyboard.The pin 16 is disposed in a position to engage the cam lug 58 on thekeyboard latch 54 and force it in a direction to disengage the latch 54from the keyboard, and thus release the keyboard for return to the leftin Figs. 1 and 2. When the keyboard is in this lefthand position, asshown in 1, the engagement and operation of the latch 54 by the pin 16will be immaterial, because the latch 54 by its abutting engagement ofan unnotched portion thereof against the edge of the depending lug 56aof the keyboard frame, will keep the lug 56 generally out of the path ofthe pin 15, but when the latch 54 is in latching engagement with thekeyboard frame, the lug 58 will be shifted into the path of movement ofthe pin (6, when the key release bail 10 is operated to release thekeys. Thus, whenever the keys are released, the keyboard will also beunlatched and free to return to the left into the position shown in Fig.1.

Also fixed on the main shaft 4 (Fig. 17) is an arm 1'! which at its freeend is pivotally connected by a pin 18 to one end of a link 19, theother end of that link being pivotally connected by a pin to a dependingend of the arm 29. The arm ll extends forwardly at a small inclinationupwardly when the shaft 4 is in its normally inactive position, as shownin Fig. 17, and when the shaft 4 is operated through a cycle ofmovement, such as counter-clockwise in Fig. 17, this movement will causethe lower end of the arm 29 to swing rearwardly and the cross bar 3| tomove forwardly and release the rack arms 32. These rack arms then moveforwardly to the extent permitted by the stop units connected theretoand the latter are controlled by any depressed keys of the keyboard orby the zero stops. As the shaft 4 returns to its initial position, thecross bar 3| will pick up all of the rack arms and carry them rearwardlyto the initial positions shown in Fig. 17.

The totalizer frame 24 (Fig. 10) adjacent its right hand end is providedwith a depending integral arm 8|, which carries at its lower end alaterally extending pin 82 mounting a roller which runs in a cam grooveor slot 83 which is provided in a lever 84. The lever 84 is pivoted on astud 85 carried by the inner face of the side member 3. The slot or camgroove 83 is formed with one end of the slot or groove 83 nearer theaxis of the stud 85 than the opposite end. This lever 84 has another arm86 which carries a pin 81 that is engaged and cammed in one direction byan arm '88, fixed on the main shaft 4 in a position such that when themain shaft approaches its limit of movement at the end of a completecycle, the arm 88 will engage the pin 81 and rock the lever 84 in adirection to earn the roller on the pin 82 into the end of the slot 83which is farthest from the stud 85. This movement of the roller 82 intothe end of the slot 83 farthest from the stud causes the arm 8! to rockthe totalizer frame 24 counter-clockwise about the rod 25, as shown inFig. 10, to carry the pinions 21 on the digit wheels into mesh with therack members 34.

A spring 89 is connected at one end to a pin 99 carried on another arm9i of the lever 84, the other end of the spring 89 being secured in anysuitable manner to the side frame member, as by a pin 9Ia, Fig. 7. Thespring 89 serves to yieldingly urge the lever 84 in a direction to raisethe totalizer until the pinions on the digit wheels are disengaged fromthe rack members 34. The pin 99' extends through an aperture 92 in theside member 8 into a position beneath a latch 93, Eig. 7, which latch 93is pivoted on the stud 94 extending from the outside face of the sidememher 3. This latch 93 is urged downwardly yield- .ingly by a spring 95which is coiled about the pivot stud 94, with one end hooked over theupper edge of the latch 93, and the other edge hooked over the edge ofaperture 92 in the side member 3. The latch 93 is provided with anabutment shoulder 96, and some distance from the shoulder 96 in adirection further from the pivot stud 94, this latch has a depending arm91. The full stroke sector I1 carries a roller 98 which is disposed toengage with the lower end of the depending arm 91 of the latch 93 whenthe main shaft 4 approaches its limit of movement at the end of acomplete cycle of operation, which action raises the latch 93 until theshoulder abutment 95 is above the path of the pin 99 and allows thelever 84 to be rocked under the action of the spring 89. When the lever84 is-thus freed for movement by the spring 89, it will rockcounterclockwise (Fig. 10) until the pin 81 on the lever engages the arm88 on the main shaft 4, which arm has returned almost to its homeposition at this time and limits the movement of the lever 84 to such asmall extent that the relative movement between the cam groove 83 andthe pin 82 will not be sufficient to cause the totalizer to bedisengaged from the rack members 34. Continued movement of the arm 88 tohome position will cause the lever 84 to be moved to its home position,as shown in Fig. 10, and will cause the totalizer to be retained inengagement with the rack members at the end of the operation.

The full stroke sector is also provided with an arm 99, Fig. '7, which,as the shaft 4 is about to complete its first half cycle of operation,will engage with the pin 99 that projects through the aperture 92 androck the lever 84 in a direction opposed to the spring 89, so as tocause a lowering of the totalizer until the pinions on its digit wheelsengage with the rack members 34. The abutment shoulder 96 on the latch93 is disposed to engage behind the pin 99 and hold the lever 84 in theposition shown in Fig. 10, in which the totalizer has driving engagementwith the rack members 45. This latch engagement is also shown in Fig.19.

A total key I99, Figs. 7 and 10, is pivoted on 10 a rod lI9I whichextends between the side members 2 and 3 of the frame and also serves tosupport some of the carry-over mechanism for the totalizer. This key I99(Fig. 19) is in the form of a bell crank, and an arm I92 thereof ispivotally connected by a pin I93 to a link I94. This link extendsdownwardly and at its lower end is pivotally connected by a pin I95 to aplate I96 that is pivoted on a stud I91 carried on the inner face of theside member 3. This plate I96 is provided with an arm I98 which ispivotally connected by a pin I99 to one end of a link H9, the other endof which is pivotally connected by a pin III to a lever H2 that ispivoted on a stud H3 carried by said side member 3. The lever H2 extendsupwardly adjacent the front of the machi ie and has a cam edge I I4disposed in a position to engage the pin 16 on the key release bail orcomb 19 and rock the latter to cause a release of all depressed keys ofthe keyboard. The Plate I96 is also provided with an edge cam surface H5which is approximately concentric to the axis of the stud I91. Thisconcentric cam surface H5 merges at its lower end into the base of a V-shaped tooth I I6 and the other base of this tooth merges into anothercam edge H 1 which is nearer the axis of the stud I91 than is thesurface H5.

A lever I I8, Figs. 7 and 10, is pivoted on a stud H9 on the side framemember of the keyboard, and this lever has a rigid arm I29 (Fig. '7)which extends rearwardly and terminates in an upstanding arm I2I which,at its upper end, is normally below the path of travel of the pin 99 onthe lever 84. The lower end of this lever H8 has a lateral flange I22which is adapted to abut edgewise against the cam surfaces H5 and H1,and the surfaces of the V-shaped tooth H6 of the plate I96. When theflange I22 is riding against the cam surface I I5, the lever H8 will bein the position shown in full lines in Figs. 7 and 10, and theupstanding arm I2I will be just below the path of travel of the pin 99,so as not to interfere with the rocking of the lever 84.

When the flange I22 is riding against the cam surface I I1, which isnearer the axis of the stud I91, then the lever H8 will occupy aposition shown in Fig. 20, in which the upstanding arm I2I has moved upinto a position behind the pin 99 so as to prevent any material movementof the pin 99, and thereby prevent any oscillatory movement of the lever84. The lever H8 is also provided with a forwardly extending arm I23(Fig. 7) to which is connected one end of a spring I24, the other end ofwhich is anchored to the lower plate 99 of the keyboard frame. Thisspring I24 urges the lever II 8 in a direction to carry the upstandingarm I2I upwardly behind the pin 99, and the edge of the arm I2I, againstwhich the pin 99 abuts, is approximately normal to the radius from thepin 99 to the stud H9, so that the pressure exerted by pin 99 on arm I2IWill not produce any rotation of the lever H8.

A one-way pawl I25 (Fig. 7) is pivoted on the stud I28 on the lower endof lever H8. and a spring I21 is connected at one end to a pin I28carried on the pawl I25 and at its other end to the lever H8. The pinI28 engages against an edge of the lever H8 so as to limit the extent ofmovement of the pawl I25 by the spring I21, as shown in full lines inFig. '1. The pawl I25 which projects beyond the end of lever H8 may,however, rock clockwise (Fig. '1), which tensions the spring I21 andmoves the pin I28 away from the edge of the depending arm of the leverH8. A roller I29, Figs. 7 and 19, is carried by a stud I30 provided onthe inner face of the full stroke sector I1, and at a radial distancefrom the axis of the shaft 4 such that when the shaft 4 is rocked in acycle of operation, the roller I29 will pass and clear the pawl I25 whenthe lever H8 is held in the full line position shown in Fig. 7 with theflange I22 resting against the cam surface H5. When the plate I06 isrocked from the position shown in full lines in Figs. '1 and to theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 20, the lever II8 will be movedcounter-clockwise by its spring I24 to raise the arm I2I into a positionto block movement of the pin 90 and through it block movement of thelever 84. In this movement of lever H8, the pawl I25 moves nearer theaxis of the main shaft 4 until flange I22 engages surface II 1 of plateI 06, and then when the main shaft 4 operates through the cycle ofoperation, the roller I29 on the full stroke sector l1 will engage thepawl I25 during the first half of the cycle of operation of the shaft 4and pass idly by, the pawl pivoting against the action of spring I21 atthis time. When, however, the full stroke sector returns during thesecond half of the stroke, the roller I29 will engage against the bluntend I3I of the pawl I25 and force the pawl sidewise, which rocks thelever H8 clockwise to tension its spring I24 and withdraw the upstandingarm [H from its position behind the pin 90. This releases the pin 90 formovement by its spring 89, and as the roller I29 continues its movementwith the full stroke sector, it cams the lever II8 further in the samedirection to carry the flange I 22 clear of the V-shaped tooth I I6.Then when the pawl I25 is released by roller I29, the flange I22 mayagain engage with the cam surface II5.

A spring I32, Figs. 10, 20, 2 2 and 23 is connected at one end to thelink I04, and at its other end to a pin on the side member 3, so as toyieldingly urge the link I04 endwise and downwardly, which is in adirection to rock the plate I36 into the position shown in full lines inFig. 10, where the flange I 22 can engage the cam edge H5. The link I04is provided at its upper end with a rearwardly extending arm I33, Fig.10, which extends beneath a laterally bent lug or extension I34 on thelatch 93. The lug I34 projects through the aperture 92 in the sidemember 3 because the latch 93 is on one face of the side member 3 andthe arm I 33 is disposed at the opposite face of said side member 3.When the link I04 is moved endwise and upwardly by rocking of the totalkey I00 in a counter-clockwise direction in Fig. 10, this will carry thearm I33 upwardly and lift or hold the lug I34 on the latch 93 in theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 22. The latch 93 is thus held abovethe pin 90 so that the abutment shoulder 96 will clear the pin 90 whenthe latter is rocked by its spring 89 to the right as in Fig. 22. Theengagement of the arm I02 of the total key I00 with a stud I35, Figs.10, and 22, limits the extent of movement of the key I00 in onedirection.

A repeat key I36 (Fig. 7) is mounted by a stud I31 on the right handside frame member of the keyboard, as usual in this type of machine andas disclosed in said patents and copending application. This key I36, atits lower end, is provided with notches I38 and I39 spaced apart alongthe lower end edge of the key. A pin I40 carried by a lever I4I ridesagainst the lower end edge of key I 35 so as to enter the notches I 38and I39 alternately when the key I36 is rocked back and forth. The leverMI is mounted on a stud I42 which is carried by the side frame member ofthe keyboard. A spring I43 acting between the lever MI and stud I31yieldingly urges the lever MI in a direction to cause its pin I40 tobear against the lower end of the key lever I36 and enter either of thenotches I38 and I39 that are alined therewith. The repeat key lever I86,stud I31, and lever I 4| are carried by the keyboard and move from sideto side of the machine therewith.

Also rockably mounted on the same side frame member of the keyboard is akey release lever I44, Fig. 7, which has at one end a depending armterminating in a cam edge I45 in a position to be engaged and operatedby the roller I29 on the full stroke sector I1. An oppositely extendingarm on the lever I44 carries a one-way bypass pawl I4'6 which moves withthe lever I44 in a path to engage the pin 15 on the extension 14 of thelateral arm of the key release bail arm 1|. The pawl I46 is held againsta stud or pin I41 by a spring I48, so that when the pawl I46 is movedupwardly with the lever I44 to engage the pawl "I5, the pawl I46 willsnap idly by the pin 15, but when the lever I44 then rocks in theopposite direction, the pawl I46 will not be camnied aside by pin 15 butwill serve as a rigid extension of the lever I44 and cam aside the pin15 and thereby cause a rocking of the bail 10 in a manner to cause arelease of any operated keys in the keyboard. The lever I44 isyieldingly urged in a clockwise direction (Fig. 7) by a spring I4'4aacting between the pivot pin for the pawl I46 and the stud I31.

Independently and rockably mounted on the stud I31 is a lever I49, Fig.7, which carries at its forward end a laterally extending pin I50. Theforward end of lever I49 overlies the extension 14 on the key releaseball 10 so that when the lever I49 is rocked counter-clockwise in Fig.'1, its forward end will engage the extension 14 and rock the bail 10 ina direction to release any operated keys. The pin I 50 is disposed belowand alined with a correction key I5I, Figs. 1 and 2, so that operationof the correction key will rock lever I49 counter-clockwise in Fig. 7,and by rocking the bail 10, will release any keys that have beenoperated and not released. A spring I52 urges the lever I 49 in aclockwise direction in Fig. '1. The end of the lever I49, opposite fromthe pin I 50, is provided with an upstanding hook I53 which normallyclears the upstanding member I54 on the lever I44, but which may moveupwardly and block movement of the arm I54 of lever I44 when the leverM9 is rocked counterclockwise in Fig. '7. A pin I55 on the lever I49engages beneath the arm I23 on lever I I8, so that when the lever I49 isrocked counter-clockwise in Fig. 7, the pin I55 will engage arm I23 androck the lever I I8 in a direction to withdraw the upstanding arm I2Ifrom the path of the pin and move the flange I22 clear of the tooth IIGso as to release the plate I06 if the plate should have been latched bythe flange I22 in its operative position.

The mechanism is enclosed within a suitable housing I56, Figs. 1, 2, '7and 17, which has an opening I56a through which the repeat key I38 mayproject with suflicient clearance to enable rocking forwardly of therepeat key, and also sidewise movement of the repeat key with thekeyboard between the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The housing alsohas a slot I51 through which the total lever I00 may project withsumcient clearance for its operation, and a window 3 I58 through whichthe digit'wheels'oi the totalizer may be viewed.

The comb extension 13 of the key release ball 10, Fig. 14, are urgedupwardly by the latch bars 68 and the zero stops 69 which areresiliently urged in the usual manner toward the rows of keys to whichthey are related, and the extension 14, Fig. 7, has, adjacent the pin18, a laterally extending portion I53 which engages beneath a projectingflange of the bottom plate 36 of the keyboard so as to limit the upwardmovement of the extension 14 of the key release bail.

In order to prevent too rapid an operation of the main shaft 4, thatshaft, Figs. 9 and 17, is provided with another arm E33 fixed thereon,which is pivotally connected by apin It! to a piston rod I62, extendinginto a dash pot cylinder I63. The rod I32 within the cylinder I53 has apiston running in the cylinder so as to control the rate of movement ofthe shaft 4, is old in this art.

The transfer mechanism between digit wheels of the totalizer issubstantially the same as disclosed in said prior patents and saidcopending application and as used for many years commercially in AllenWales calculating machines. It is shown briefly for the purpose of therecord in Figs. 9a, 9b and 9c and will be briefly referred to. Securedto each digit wheel is a cam I65 which rotates with its digit wheelcounterclockwise in Figs. 9a, 9b and 9c in addition and subtractionoperations, but which rotates in the opposite direction when the digitwheels are all set to zero during a total clearing operation. When themachine is idle and the totalizer is cleared, the parts are in theposition shown in Fig. 9a, in which the digit wheels are all at Zero anda nose I66 of the cam for each wheel below the highest digit wheel is inthe position shown in full lines, immediately behind a laterallyextending lug I61 on a transfer lever 163 which is pivoted on a rod I39and is used to extend the carry over control to the next higher digitwheel. A lever or latch I13 for each lever I38 is pivoted on the rod I1Isupported by the machine frame and has a laterally extending flange orlug I12 which engages alternately against step-like abutments I13 andI14 arranged in spaced relation to each other along the lever I83. Thereis a lever I63 and a latch I13 for each transfer between digit wheels,and each lever IE3 is yieldingly and individually urged upwardly by aspring I15 to the extent permitted by the engagement of its upper edgewith the lug 112 of latch Ill). The spring I15 acts between each leverI88 and an arm I16 of the related latch I10, so as to urge the latch I13counterclockwise in Figs. 9a, 9b and 90.

When the frame 23 is raised upwardly at the beginning of an operation ofthe shaft 4, when adding or subtracting, it will engage all of the armsI16 and rock all of the latches 51% clock wise to carry the lugs I12 infront of the abutments I14, and when that happens, the springs I15 snapthe levers I33 upwardly. This relation of parts is shown in Fig. 90,which also shows the lug I12 of the latch I13 slightly spaced away fromthe related abutment I14. When any digit wheel below the highestdenomination wheel passes into zero position during its rotationcounterclockwise in Fig. 9a, the cam nose itii of its cam I 65 will haveengaged the lug I81 and cammed the lever I68, which cooperates with therack member 34 associated with the next higher denomination digit wheel,whereupon the related latch I10 snaps its lug I12 against abutment I13on the higher step so as to hold lever I68 depressed, as shown in Fig.917. Each lever I68 has a pair of spaced lugs I11 and I18 which aredisposed with ends at different levels across the width of the lever andalso spaced apart along the lever I68. Each rack member 34, as explainedin said prior patents, is capable of limited movement endwise on itsrack arm 32, an amount sufiicient to cause a movement of the digit wheelone digit or space. When the rack arms 32 move forwardly during anaddition or subtraction operation, the rack members 34 are out ofengagement with the digit wheel pinions, and each spring 35 beforementioned, which acts between its rack member 34 and rack arm 32, urgesthat rack member 34 to the right in Fig. 9a.

When the main shaft 4 moves during its back stroke, the digit wheelpinions are in mesh with the related rack members 34, and as the rackarms 32 are picked up by the cross bar 3|, the digit wheels will berotated amounts determined by the positions of the rack arms 32 whenpicked up by the cross bar 3i, until a laterally extending lug I on eachrack member 34 engages with the lowermost and first encountered lug I11on the related lever I68. This stops the further movement of the rackmember 34, although the related rack arm 32 moves a distance of onedigit space further during which the spring 35 is tensioned. If anylever I68 is, however, latched in the position shown in Fig. 9b becausethe next lower dig-it wheel had just passed into or through zeroposition, the lug I80 on that lever, instead of striking the abutmentI11, will pass above it until it strikes abutment I18, thus givingfurther movement of one digit space to the digit Wheel above the wheelon which cam I65 is fixed and which cam has just latched the lever I63in the Fig. 92; position. At the next forward movement of the mainshaft, the totalizer frame 24 is at once rocked upwardly and itsengagement with the arms I16 of all the transfer latches I13 will rockthe latter into the positions shown in Fig. so as to reset all transfermechanism for a new transfer operation.

When the totalizer or accumulator is to be cleared, the operator rocksthe total lever I30 rearwardly and this moves the upstanding arm I2I ofarm I20 behind the pin 93 to prevent rocking of the totalizer upwardlywhen arm 83 releases lever 84 as the shaft 4 starts a cycle ofoperation. The rack arms 32 as they are released by cross bar 3I will beurged forwardly, and will rotate the digit wheels, with which they arein driving relation, until the lugs I66 on the cams I65 carried by thedigit wheels engage the related lugs I61 (during this clockwise rotationof cams I65) in Figs. 9a, '91): and 90. Further movement of the rackarms 32 is then prevented, although the cross bar 3-I continues itsforward movement. When the main shaft starts the second half of itscycle, the totalizer is at once ele vated until the digit wheel pinionsare disengaged from the rack members 34, and the rack arms 32 arereturned to initial position by the cross bar 3I. This elevation of thetotalizer is caused by the action of roller I29 on pawl I25 which camslever I I8 clockwise in Fig. 'l and releases pin 93. Since latch 93 isat this time held elevated by arm I33, the pin 30 when released in thismanner is moved rearwardly by its spring 89. This causes an elevation ofthe totalizer. Thus the transfer mechanism is used to stop all of the toyieldingly hold the in its rearward or repeat position. A pin I BI isprovided on the lever I44 in a position to move into the notch I38 whenkey is in its wardly to carry the notch I38 into alinement with the pinI46 of the latch, the pin I 8! will engage, when the lever I44 isreleased and rocked by its spring I44a, against an unnotched peripheryat the lower end of the key repeat lever I36, which prevents themovement of the lever I44 under the action of its spring I44asufficiently to carry the pawl I46 past the pin 15. Then when the rollerI28 again rocks the lever I44 at the end of a cycle of operation of themain shaft 4, there will be no rocking of the key release ball 10, andhence no release of the keys that have been set. Then, every time thatthe main shaft 4 is operated through a cycle of operation, the samenumber which remains set up in the keyboard will be the item that is runinto the totalizer. Since the key release ball is not operatedautomatically during a cycle of operation of the main shaft 4 while therepeat key is moved rearwardly into repeat position, the latch 54 willnot be operated by the pin 16 of the key release ball 10, and hence thekeyboard if in subtraction position will remain in that subtractionposition, and not be released until the repeat key 36 is returned to itsnormal, non-repeat position shown in full lines in Fig. 7.

A detent lever I82, Fig. 10, is pivoted by pin I83 to the lever 84, andit normally rides upon a pin I84 fixed on the side member 3 of the frameof the machine. The edge of the lever I82 which engages pin I 84 isprovided with two notches I85, which are spaced apart along that leverand alternately engage over the pin I84 when the lever 84 is rocked backand forth to shift the totalizer into and out of operating relation tothe rack members 34. A spring I86 is anchored at one end to the arm 86of lever 84, and at its other end to an upstanding tail on the leverI82, so as to yieldingly rock the lever I82 in a direction to engageagainst pin I84. Thus, as the lever 84 is rocked to position thetotalizer in either of its two positions, the engagement of one of thenotches I with the pin I 84 will aid in locating the totalizerdefinitely in the position into which it has been shifted and inyieldingly holding the totalizer in that position.

In the operation of a calculating machine of the type illustrated, thekeyboard of the machine will normally be in the position shown in Fig.1, which will be the left-hand position. If one desires to add numbersto the items already in the totalizer, as shown through the window I58,one depresses a key in each of the rows which represents the number tobe added, a key being depressed in the proper digit row for each digitof the number to be added. Then the operator pulls the handle forwardlyas far as it will go and releases it for return to its rearward position1s motor-operated, the operator, instead of opercycle that operates themain shaft 4, as well known in the art. The depressed keys present theirlower ends over the stop bars 36 immediately thereunder. In Fig. 13, thenumber 3 key in the tens denominational row is shown as depressed, andits lower end has moved down into the path of one of the abutments 46 ofthe related tens stop bar 36, as shown in Figs. 12 and 15. When the keyin the tens denominational row was depressed, it cammed aside the zerostop 69 for that row of keys, as shown in Fig. 13.

When the main shaft starts its cycle of operation for addition, the arm88, Fig. 10, at once releases the pin 81 of lever 84, and the spring 89then rocks lever 84 in a direction to cause an elevation of thetotalizer frame so as to disengage the pinions of the digit wheels fromthe through the link 19, 29 counterclockwise and moves the cross bar 3|forwardly so as to release all of the rack arms 32. The springs 33acting on the stop bars 36 urge them all forwardly, but only the stopbars 36 which have been released from the zero stops can move forwardlybecause the other stop bars will be held against forward movement by thezero stops. Since, in this example, only the number 3 key in the tensdenominational row was operated, only its lower end is in a position toengage the number 3 abutment 48, which is the first abutment to the rearof the depressed key. This determines the extent of movement of thatstop bar 36. The distance from the lower end of each key to the firstabutment to the rear thereof will determine the extent of movement ofthe bar 38 for that row when that key is operated. The cross bar 3I willmovement after the stop the keys or the zero stops.

When the main shaft 4 is completing its first half of its cycle ofmovement, corresponding to the forward movement of the handle 5, the arm99 on the full stroke sector I1 will engage the pin 90 and cam itforwardly until it passes the abutment 96, whereupon the spring rocksthe latch 93 downwardly so as to engage the abutment 96 behind the pin90 (Fig. 19) and hold the totalizer in its downward position, with itsdigit wheel pinions in mesh with the rack members 34. The totalizerhaving now been shifted into driving engagement with the rack members,as soon as the main shaft 4 starts its last half of its cycle ofmovement, the cross bar 3I will move rearwardly, and during its travelwill engage and move with it any of the rack arms 32 which have movedforwardly and which, in this selected example, is only the rack arm forthe tens denominational order. In carrying that rack arm back to itsrearward position, the rack member 34 for that digit wheel will rotateit an amount represented by the extent of forward movement of the tensdenominational rack arm 32. This introduces into the tens denominationaldigit wheel of the totalizer a number corresponding to the depressedkey. If the digit wheel, in moving in this manner, passed the zeroposition, it caused a transfer to the next higher digit wheel by thetransfer mechanism illustrated in Figs. 9a to 90, and as illustrated andexplained in said Peters patent. I

As soon as the shaft 4 began its cycle of movemeat, :as just explained,the roller I29 released .theleuer 14-4 and the latter was then rocked byits spring 144a clockwise inF-ig. 1, so as tocarry thegpawl A46 upwardlypast pin 15-01: the key release bail W, the pawl pivoting freely againstits spring 448 so as to pass pin 15 without rocking the bail Ill. Whenthe shaft I5 is about to complete a full cycle, representedby a returnof the handle :to its rearward position, the roller i129 again "engagesthe cam edge 145 and rocks the lever M4 counterclockwise in Fig. 7, soas to carry the pawl 145 downwardly past the pin 15. The pawl I46 cannotyieldin this direction, and hence it cams the pin 15 downwardly, whichcauses .a rocking of the bail "Ill clockwise in Fig. fl, andthecomb-likeprojections 13, Fig. 14, en- ,gage the latch bars 68 andzero stops 69 and earn them aside so as'to release all depressed keys inall the rows, thereby enabling those keys to return to their elevatedpositions.

At about the same time that "the roller I29 rocks the lever 144 in thismanner, theroller-:9.8 also :engagesthe depending arm 91 and cams itupwardly "to release the pin 9.0 from behind the abutment 96, thusreleasing the lever 84 to the action of the spring 89, which rocks'thelever 84 2a. slight distance which is insufilcient to cause thetotalizer to be disengaged from the rack members. The engagement of theportion of the edge of the full stroke sector adjacent the roller I29with the buffer element causes -a -huiferao'tionthrough the action ofthe spring l4, Fig. 7,, which cushions the forward movement of .the mainshaft 4. Any desired number of items may be entered in the totalizer bysetting the numbers or items up in the keyboard and cansoperation of themain shaft 4, after each item :i'srset up, in the manner just explained.

if one desires to perform subtraction, one grasps the :key I36 and movesit to the right from the position shown in Fig. 1 .130 that shown inFig. 2, which action shifts the keyboard bodily to the right from thepositions shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, representing the adding position,to'the subtraction position, shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6. when the"keyboard moves to "the right in this manner, the lower ends of thekeys, which cooperate with the stop bars, are :all shifted to the right.so that instead of cooperating with the abutments "of stop bars 136,shown in Fig. 1 the lower ends of the keys will be above the stop arms41 -carried by :the related stop bars 36, as :sh'own'in Fig. .14. Whenthe keyboard moves bodily to the right, it tensions the springs 62,

because the depending finger v52 acts against Ihelcam nose 63 on leverBI and rocks it from the position shown in Fig. 13 to the position shownin Fig. 14.

When the keyboard moves 'to' the right in this manner, it also carriesall of "the zero stops 69 from blocking position at the ends of the stop36 into positions to clear all stop bars 36 and attached stop arms 41,as shown in Fig. 14. Then, to set up an item for subtraction, one merelydepresses the keys 54 in the different rows to represent that item, andin the particular example illustrated, suppose that a key in the tensdenominationa1 row was depressed, as shown inFig. 14, that would shiftthe zero stop for that row further :clear of the stop arm 4!, l and thelower end of that depressed key, instead of depending into the :path ofvthe abutm'ents on the stop :bar 36, shown in Fig. .15, would dependinto a position immediately above :the stop arm 44 on the tensdenominational stop bar shown in Fig. 16. Then cycle of operation of theshaft 4 is initiated by the operation of the operatin motor or bymanually operating the handle 5 forwardly to the full extent required bythe full stroke sector and pawl l9, and then releasing the handle 5 forreturn by its spring 1 to its rearward position.

When the shaft 4 began this cycle of opera tion, the lever M4 wasreleased and operated clockwise, as explained for addition, and theroller :98 released the latch 93. The rest of the operation is the sameas above, except that all of thestep bars .36, except for-the tens andunits denominational :order, will move forwardly to the full extentcorresponding to that required to move their digit wheels through ninespaces. When stop bar 36 for the tens denominational order movesforwardly, the movement continues until one of the abutments =48 on thattens denominational stop arm M engages the lower end of the depressedkey. Assuming that the number 3 key in the tens denominational row wasdepressed, as shown in Figs. 2'7 and 28, the forward movement of thestop bar unit for the tens denominational order would continue until.the cam 43 -on the lower edge of that stop arm 41 engaged the cross bar38, and then the arm 41 would be rocked clockwise in Figs. 27 and 28through continued forward movement of that stop bar unit. This 'enalbesthe number -2 =stop abutment on the tens denominational stop arm 41 topass the number 3 key which is depressed, and then the stop arm 4! isrocked to bring "the number 3 stop abutment thereon upwardly into 1position toe-nga-ge the depressed number 3 key.

This determines the forward movement of that stop "bar unit, which is anamount corresponding to the nines complement of the number representedby the key which is depressed, which in this instance for the number 3key would be six spaces.

In the case of each of the keys 2, 3, and 4 breach of the denominationalorders except the units order, and in the case of the 2, 3, 4, and!)keys in the units order, the rocking actionof the arms 4-! is necessaryin order to prevent these ireys from coacting with the preceding stopson the arms 41. For example, in the case of the tens, hundreds, andhigher orders of the machine, the 2 key stem lies in front of the 1 stopon the armM when'the key is depressed. Similarly, the 3 and 4 key stemslie in front of the 2 and 3 stops on the arm 4|. Hence, if provisionwere not made forallowing the stop arm to move underneath these stops,improper operation of the machine would result. The same is true in theunits order except that in this case the 2, :3, 4, and '5 key stems liein front of the '1, 2, 3,, and 4 stops on the stop arm. Thisrelationship results from the fact that the throw of the stop arms inmoving from 1 to 9 or 1 to 10, as the case may be. is greater than "thespace between adjacent key stems. and hence some overlapping between thekey stems and the stops in the arms is necessary. The difficulty istaken care of, however, by pivoting the arms 41 at "42 and allowing thearms to move forward in their depressed positions through approximatelyonehalf of their forward travel, after which they are cammed up intoengaging position by the cams The coaction between the 6, '7, 8, and 9keys and their related stops on the arms 4| is not affected by thispivoting action, since, when these keys are depressed, the arms arestopped before the cams 43 reach the plate 38,

and hence no pivoting action of the arms occurs.

All of the other stop bar units move forwardly until their lugs 40 or40a engage the cross bar 38, which is an amount such that when returnedto initial position, they will move all their related digitdenominational wheel above the units wheels through nine spaces and theunits denominational digit wheel through ten spaces because the unitsdenominational stop bar unit moves one space further than the others dueto the fact that the lug 40a on the stop arm 4I for the unitsdenominational bar is set back a distance of one space beyond the lugs40 of the other stop bar units. At the end of the first half of thecycle of operation of the main shaft, the totalizer will be shifted backinto driving engagement with its rack members, and as the main shaftreturns to its initial position, the cross bar 3| will pick up thedifferent rack arms and move them rearwardly, and thus rotate theindividual digit wheels in the same direction, as in addition, so as toadd or run into the digit wheels the complements of the numbersrepresented by the depressed keys. At the end of the return movement,the roller I29 rocks the lever I44 and causes a rocking of the keyrelease bail I0. Whenever the key release bail TI! is rocked in thismanner in subtraction, the pin I6 will engage the lug 58 and rock thelatch 54 so as to disengage that latch from the depending lug 50a of thekeyboard,

whereupon the keyboard is automatically returned by its spring 62 to itsleft-hand or normal addin position, if it had been displaced forsubtraction purposes. Thus, at the end of each subtraction operation,the keyboard is returned to its normal adding position, and for each newsubtraction operation, the keyboard should be shifted to the rightbefore the subtraction operation of the main shaft is initiated.

As explained previously, the units denominational stop bar unit movesforwardly a distance represented by one space beyond the other stop barunits and, therefore, when the main shaft begins its return movement,the cross bar 3| will pick up the units denominational rack arm 32 andmove the units denominational digit wheel a distance of one space beforeany of the other digit wheels are operated, so that if a carry-over isrequired, it will be performed. during the last space movement of thedigit wheels at the end of the cycle of operation of the main shaft. If,as in this selected example, no key was depressed in the unitsdenominational row, but the keyboard is set for subtraction, operationof the main shaft will cause the units denominational digit wheel to berotated through a complete rotation, which would cause a transfer of onedigit into the tens denominational wheel into which only a ninescomplement is added by its stop bar unit.

When one desires to clear the totalizer, after calculations have beencompleted, the total key I is rocked rearwardly from the positions shownin Fig. '7 to the positions shown in Figs. 20 and 22. Movement of thiskey I00 in this manner moves the link I04 upwardly, Figs. 20 and 22, andthe arm I33 thereon engages the lug I34 of the latch 93 and raises it soas to clear the abutment 96 from the path of movement of the pin 90. Thelink I04 also rocks the plate I06 clockwise in Fig. 22, during whichmovement the nose or tooth U6 cams the flange I22 aside, which rocks thelever II8 idly and then releases it, whereupon the lever H8 is rocked tocarry the flange I22 into engagement with the cam surface II I which isnearer the shaft I01 than was the surface H5. This enables a rocking oflever II8 counterclockwise in Fig. 22 sufficient to move the upstandingarm I2I into a position behind the pin 90 and thus prevent movement ofpin 90 in a manner to rock the totalizer upwardly and disengage it fromthe rack members 34 as soon as the totalizcr is released by movement ofthe arm 88 away from the pin 81, Fig. 10. At the same time theengagement of the flange I22 beneath the tooth II6 on plate I06 servesto latch the plate I in that position against the action of the springI32, so as to hold the clearance key I00 in its operative position.

When the lever II8 moves in this manner, it moves its pawl I25 into thepath of travel of the roller I29. The plate I06, when it was rocked intothe position shown in Fig. 20, also acted through the link I I0 to rockthe lever II2 counterclockwise in Fig. 20, so as to cause the end II4thereof to engage the pin 16 on the key release ball and rock the latterin a manner to release any operated keys. The same movement also servedto operate the latch 54 to release the keyboard for return to itslefthand position if the keyboard had first been shoved into itssubtract position, as shown in Fig. 2, without performing a subtractionoperation and before the total key I00 is operated to cause a totalclearing operation to clear said totalizer. As soon as the main shaft 4begins its cycle of movement, the roller I29 releases lever I44 androller 98 releases the latch 93, but the latter remains in its elevatedor unlatched position through the action of the arm I33 which hasengaged beneath the lateral lug I34 on latch 93.

The pin 90 is held against rearward movement under the action of itsspring 89, notwithstanding the elevated position of the latch 93,because such movement is prevented by the upstanding arm I2I which wasmoved into the position shown in Fig. 20, upon operation of the totalkey I00. The totalizer i thus held in its lowered position in drivingengagement with the rack members 34. and as the cross bar 3| movesforwardly, all of the rack arms 32 are free to move forwardly and causea rotation of the digit wheels in the opposite direction, which isclockwise in Fig. 17, until the cam lugs or noses I66 on the digitwheels engage the lugs I61 of the transfer lever I68, see Fig. 9a, andthen further movement of the digit wheels is prevented. Since the digitWheels cannot rotate further in this reverse direction, the rack arms 32will remain in the positions in which they are stopped while the crossarm 3I continues its forward movement. As the shaft is about to completethe first half of its cycle of movement, the roller I29 passes the pawlI on the lower end of lever II8, the pawl I25 swinging idly to allowroller I29 to pass.

As soon as the shaft 4 starts its return or sec- 0nd half of its cycleof movement, the roller I29 will engage the pawl I25, but since the pawlI20 cannot now swing on its pivot to allow roller I29 to pass, thisaction will cause the lever IIB to be cammed aside, clockwise in Fig.'7, which removes the arm I2I from the path of the pin 90. Since thelatch 03 is still held elevated, the pin can now be moved by the spring89 to elevate the totalizer and disengage it from the rack members. Thisremoves the digit wheels from driving engagement with the rack membersand then, as the shaft continues its return movement to its initialposition, the cross bar 3I will pick up all of the rack arms and returnthem to their initial positions without rotation of the digit wheels of;and the .arm :88. Fig. 10, engages in said other of its positions;

the :totalizer. Assoonas the omen has passed the upper end of the arm vi2 l further movement or the "roller I29 will further cam the .lever11118 iI-anenough to -clear thenose H'B on theplate 1516,

1'32 acting on :link 104 will i whereupon the spring .iret-urn the keyL!) to its initial inactive "position and return the 13131161136 to itsposition, -shownin 17,. Assoon-as the roller I29 clears the pawl115,:18V81 1-4-8 will be rocked by its spring until flanged :ag-ainengages :the cam edge H5 of plate 1-06.

#Asqthe shaft 4 is completing its cycle :of move- '-,ment;the-roller "I29 rocks the lever :1 as before, which again may operate the {keyrelease bail 1-0, the pinvBI, and :rooksdever 34 to restore pinddgtoitsformer posiitioniin front of abutment 96 on latch :93 and carry thetotalizers downwardly into driving-engagementxwith'the rack members.Thus, the totalizer digit wheels have :been restored to zero posit-ionsand the machine is ready for another addition or subtraction operation.

To cause a repeat oper :tion, the operator rnerely shifts the repeat keyor lever 136 rear- :wardly, sets up the item or number in the keyboardand operates the crank arm ",5 on main {shaft bthe'desirednumber oftimes to enter that item in the tot-alizer as desired, and then the-:repeat key 1-36 is-rocked back into its normal position.

It will be understood-that various changes in the details andarrangements of parts, which have been herein described and illustratedin order.toexplain the nature of the inventiommay he made-by thoseskilled in the art within :the principle andscopeor thewinventionastexpressed i-n che appended claims.

claim as my invention:

In -,a calculating machine, a keyboard :unit shaving operable keys inwhich numbers corre sponding to the items of thecalculation aretobesethp in succession by selective operation of said 1 keys; atotal-izer; means mounting said unit for bodily movement between twopositions; means cooperating with the keys of said keybcardand-saidtotalizer =ior entering the amounts of esucoessive -numhers set up onsaid keyboard :insaid totaliser according to one tweet-calculation whensa-idekeyboard isin oneoi said posiitions andior entering the amounts ofsuccessive numbers setuponsaidzkeyboard in said totalizer according toanother type of calculation when said-keyboards in the other of its saidpositions; said keyboardhaving means to latch alloperatedskeysin-effective position; means yieldingly verging saidkeyboard .into said one latchdeviceior releasably securing .saidkeyboardsaid keyboard having ,a .key releasememher which when operated awillunlatch all operated keys of said keyboard; means operated by the keyrelease member ,for operating the latch to release the keyboard formovement into said one position; means operated automatically at eachcalculating operation gatteriall operated keys haveperformed their func-'tionTi-or operating said keyrelease member, to release all-operatedkeys and to release the key hoard :Eor return to said one position ifdisplaced therefrom; .a total'key; a control element man- .ualllyoperableinto oneposition by said total key; I

and means operable by said control element, when thelatter is moved intosaid one position, to 'operate'saidkey release member to release "anyoperatedkeys and to release the keyboard for movement into said oneposition ii displaced therefrom.

position; a

= .tion oi said keyboard 2. In a calculating machine, a frame; atotaliaer having a plurality of -.ind-ividual digit wheels disposed.side by side; a plurality of stopharnnits one for each of the digitwheels disposed side'hy side; means interacting'between each bar :unitand it-srelateddigit wheel for-operating the latter in a rotarydirection an extent proportional to the extent of movement of that barunit, each bar unit having two rows of abutments with the rows runningin the direction of movement of that bar unit; a keyboard having aplurality of individually operable keys in which numbers correspondingto the items of the calculation may be set up in succession by selectiveoperation of said keys, saidkeys having stopmeans which'are effectivewhen the keys are operated and which are selectively engageable with onerow'or the other of the abutments onsaid'stopbar units, for determiningthe extent of movementof the stop bar units according to the particularkey operated, the extent ,of movementpermitted by one row of abutmentsoi each'unit representing the complement of that permitted by theabutments of the other row of the same unit; means for mounting thekeyboard for shifting movement on saidirame to bring the stop means onthe operated keys in alinernent with either row of abutments; meansnormally urging :the keyboard to a position in which the cooperation ofthe stop means-and the abutments allows'the stop bar units tomoveextents corresponding to the value of keys operated; subtractionmeans for shifting the keyboard from its nor-- mal position to aposition in which-the cooperation of the stop means and the abutmentstallows the stop bar-units "to move extents corresponding tothecomplement of the keys operated; .a latch pivotally mounted on saidframe andyieldably urged into engagement with aperfor holding saidkeyboard in its shifted position; means yieldingly urging the stop barunits in a direction to carry the abutments toward said stop means;means for ,all of said stop-bar units have :been returned .to

their initial positions for releasing said latch andallowing saidkeyboard to be returned to its normal position under the influence ofsaid urging means.

.3. -In a calculating machine, the combination of a main shaft; -,apluralityoi digit wheels arranged side by side; aplurality of arms, oneior each digit wheel, mounted for independent oscillation about a commonsupport; a plurality of links arranged side :by side and extending inthe same direction irom said arms, one link being provided for-each-armand having oneend pivotallyconneoted thereto, and also having thereon arow of abut-merits spaced apart along the length of the dink; meanssupporting the other ends oi said links for endwise movement when theyare moved with .the arms; a member pivotally :mounted intermediate itsends on each link and disposed side by side therewith, each of saidmembersalsohaving a row of a'butments spaced apart therealong in thedirection of the length of the link to which itis connected, said linksupportingmeans also slidingly supporting the memhers adjacent saidotherends-of the links; key controlled means ior disposingstops in thepath of the abutments of either row selectively to determine the extentof movement of each arm "by the engagementcof the stopvmeans with anabutment on either the link or the member pivoted thereon; meansyieldingly urging said links, members, and arms in a direction to movethe abutments into engagement with the stops; means operable by theshaft for positively returning the li and the arms from their movedpositions; and means to couple the arms to the digit wheels to enablethe movement of the arms in one of said directions to be transferred tothe digit wheels.

4. In a calculating machine having a main shaft scillata'ble through agiven cycle, the combination of a keyboard; a plurality of rack members;spring-urged means connected to the rack members and means on the mainshaft for operating the shifting means to shift the totalizer intoengagement with the rack members at the end of the cycle of operation ofthe shaft; a pin on the shifting means; a latch biased to engage saidpin and operable to and to operate the shifting means to shift thetotalizer into engagement with the rack members to be operated therebyduring the return movement of the rack members, said latch retaining thetotalizer in engagement with the rack her for each digit wheel; means toshift the totalizer bodily to engage and disengage the digit wheels andthe rack members; a keyboard; spring-urged means connected to the rackmemmembers; means shifting means to through a fixed cycle;

dered effective by the total key,

pin to retain the totalizer in engagement with engagement with the theshaft for operating the shifting means to move the totalizer intoengagement with the rack the pin in a position to be engaged by thelatch to retain th totalizer in engagement with the

